which attains its zenith in the scholar, the student and the scribe: “Raise up many disciples [of the Torah]” (M Avot 1:1); “Provide yourself with a teacher and get a fellow disciple” (M Avot 1:6); “The more study of the Law, the more life” (Hillel, M Avot 2:7). In these and other ways, Judaism was able to absorb Hellenistic ideas without losing its own identity or compromising its essential principles. These new ideas were used, in the words of M Avot 1:1, “to make a fence around the Torah”, to
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